Correlation of Line Immuno Assay with Indirect Immunofluoresence Assay for the Detection of Anti-Nuclear Antibodies in Various Autoimmune Disorders

Background: The occurrence of autoimmune disorders has increased 3–5% and has had a significant impact on human health. The presence of Anti-Nuclear Antibodies (ANAs), directed against intracellular antigens, is a sign of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases. The Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA) is among the most commonly used methods for ANA detection and is the gold standard. An Immunoblot is considered for the confirmation of particular antigens. Method: This retrospective study was done in Dr. B. Lal Clinical Laboratory Pvt. Ltd. Jaipur, Rajasthan, irrespective of age and gender. Patient blood samples (n=715) that were collected at the Collection Centers of Dr. B. Lal Clinical Laboratory, were subjected to IFA for ANA. Patients that registered for Immunoblot (Line Immuno Assay) (LIA) (m=78) were also subjected to ANA-IFA for correlation study. Result: Out of the positive samples, ratio of patterns observed wasSPECKLED:HOMOGENOUS:CYTOPLASMIC:NUCLEOLAR:: 0.58:0.11:0.08:0.07. 78 samples were cross-checked using Line Immuno Assay. Our Positive Coincidence Rate came out to be 89.28%. In contrast to other studies, our study gave an apt correlation of ANAs and Line Immuno Assay. Conclusion: Hereby we can deduce that autoimmune disorders are chronic conditions with no cure and are growing day by day. There is a strong need for early diagnosis as the treatment involves only attempts to control the process of the disease and to decrease the symptoms, especially during flare-ups. Therefore, a combination of ANA and LIA would minimize chances of misdiagnosis for the clinicians.